How do AI programs like ChatGPT and DeepSeek work?

How do AI programs like ChatGPT and DeepSeek work?

AI is changing the world. AI is used everywhere, like mobiles, vehicles. The two popular examples of AI programs are ChatGPT and DeepSeek. Both ChatGPT and Deepseek are large language models. They understand the human language and then give a response. People write the prompt. These programmes fetch the prompt and generate real solutions for them. Have you ever been curious about how these programs function? This article explains how ChatGPT and Deepsek are created, and how they generate human responses.

About ChatGPT

ChatGPT is a chatbot of OpenAI. It is based on the GPT model. The ChatGPT AI app takes data from the internet, books and other sources. People can easily write essays, translate languages and generate code. GPT-4 is an advanced model of ChatGPT. It understands conversations, remembers contexts and gives answers. 

What is DeepSeek?

DeepSeek is another advanced AI programming language. DeepSeek in AI works similarly to ChatGPT. It is also based on the transformer model. Deepseek interprets the input and delivers output in both Chinese and English. It competes with GPT-4. The deep seek allows for chatting, translation and summarisation. Deepseek is gaining attention in Asia for its performance and multilingual support.  

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Technology Behind ChatGPT and DeepSeek 

DeepSeek and ChatGPT operate using various underlying AI technologies. These are: 

A. The Transformer Architecture

Both ChatGPT and DeepSeek are based on the Transformer. This is a special type of neural network. It was introduced by Google in 2017. The Transformer is good at handling long texts and understanding relationships between words. It uses two main parts:

• The encoder understands the input.

• The decoder generates output based on that input.

  
  

For any of the models, decoding is essential because they focus on generating new text.

B. Tokens and Embeddings

AI can't understand human words. They break sentences into tokens that are entire sentences. 

For example, ChatGPT is a chatbot of OpenAI.

It breaks into:

ChatGPT Is a chatbot developed by OpenAI Tokens are converted into numbers called embeddings. This helps the AI process.

C. Pre-Training

ChatGPT and DeepSeek in AI are trained on a dataset like books, websites, etc. This is called pre-training. AI learns language patterns, grammar, facts, and general knowledge. 

For example:

You give the prompt with your question The sun rises in the The model is designed to assist in finding the answer. It collects data and tells you "The sun rises in the east.

D. Fine-Tuning

When the model is pre-trained. It fine-tuned the data.ChatGPT trains it to follow instructions and behave like an assistant.

D. Evaluation and Safety

Before releasing the data, experts test it. They remove offensive and harmful content. 

How Do They Generate Responses?

When you ask ChatGPT or DeepSeek a question, the AI programs do the following:

1. Take your input: For example, “What is the capital of France?”

2. Converts it into tokens.

3. Processes it using its trained model.

4. Predicts the best sequence of words as a response.

5. Converts the response tokens back into words.

   
   

The model doesn't think like humans. Instead, it uses patterns it learned during training to produce logical answers.

Strengths of AI-Language Models

• They can generate answers in seconds.

• They can do many things at a time, such as translation, summarisation, writing code, generating content, and more.

• Once trained, they can be used by millions of people at the same time.

• They are trained on vast data, making them capable of answering questions on many topics.

  
  

Real-World Uses

Many AI program models are used in many industries:

• Chatbots answer common questions that are custom-oriented. 

• Tutoring systems help students learn.

• Tools help writers, marketers, and journalists.

• AI can help write and debug code.

• AI assists in documentation and diagnosis.

What are the Best AI programs?

It is very difficult to determine which AI programs are best. It depends on what you want to do. 

ChatGPT 

• ChatGPT in AI are Great for writing, answering questions, coding, tutoring, and creating content.

• Strengths are High accuracy, deep reasoning, creative writing, and supporting images. 

• Why it's popular: It’s safe and used by millions worldwide.

  
  

 Mistral / Mixtral & LLaMA

• Great for Developers, researchers, and building custom chatbots

• Strengths are Free to use, customizable, and privacy-friendly

• Why it’s useful: You can run it on your servers

  
  

DeepSeek or Gemini

• Great for English + non-English content, especially Chinese

• Strengths are Fast, powerful, and work across languages

• Gemini also integrates with Google Search

  
  

GitHub Copilot 

• Great for writing code inside VS Code, suggesting real-time completions

• Strengths are speeding up programming, understanding multiple languages

  
  

Midjourney / DALL·E / Adobe Firefly

• Great for creating AI art, visuals, and design mockups

• Strengths are Beautiful outputs, style flexibility

• DALL·E integrates with ChatGPT (Pro users)

  
  

Claude 

• Great for Long document understanding, safe conversations

• Strengths are can read long inputs, and are designed for ethical reasoning.

  
  

Microsoft Copilot 

• Great for writing emails, summarising meetings, and generating reports

• Strengths are built into Microsoft tools like Word, Excel, and Teams

  
  

What are the top 5 AI platforms?

OpenAI, Google Gemini, anthropic Claude, Microsoft Azure and Meta AI are the top platforms. Below, everything is described about it. 

AI Platform	Best For	Key Products	Strengths	Popular Use Cases
OpenAI	NLP, chatbots, content & code generation	ChatGPT, DALL·E, Codex, GPT-4.5	Leading LLMs, user-friendly API, and Microsoft integration	Chatbots, virtual assistants, code AI, and creative content
Google Cloud AI	ML model deployment, image/speech AI	Vertex AI, PaLM 2, Gemini, TensorFlow	Scalable infrastructure, pre-trained models, and Google integration	Custom ML apps, image recognition, translation, sentiment analysis
Microsoft Azure AI	Enterprise AI, cloud-based chatbot platforms	Azure OpenAI, Cognitive Services, ML Studio	Combining OpenAI models with Azure, secure and scalable enterprise solutions	Business chatbots, document AI, speech recognition, Copilot in apps
AWS AI / ML	Scalable ML solutions, recommendation engines	SageMaker, Lex, Rekognition, Comprehend	Full ML lifecycle, strong cloud ecosystem, pay-as-you-go	Forecasting, personalisation, fraud detection, OCR
IBM Watson	NLP for business, explainable & ethical AI	Watson, Watson NLP, Discovery	Trusted by enterprises, data privacy, and explainability	Healthcare AI, legal document analysis, enterprise automation

Conclusion

ChatGPT and DeepSeek are taking major steps in technology. They use deep learning and training to generate human language. They are not perfect, but they help people with automatic tasks, writing, and designing. Their work is amazing. The Deepseek and ChatGPT AI app continues to be smarter, safer and useful for research in daily lives. ChatGPT and Deep Seek are both perfect for AI programs. ChatGPT and DeepSeek are large language models that understand human language and then give a response.